Genetically Bred 'Fat Rats' Experience Dramatic Weight Loss, Reduced Food Intake After Being Given Vigabatrin

�Vigabatrin, a medication proposed as a potential discourse for drug addiction by scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory, as well leads to rapid weight loss and reduced food intake according to a new creature study from the same research group. The sketch was published online August 20, 2008, by the journal Synapse. Vigabatrin is currently undergoing U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved Phase II clinical trials against cocaine and methamphetamine hydrochloride addiction across the U.S.



In the stream study, animals genetically bred to be obese experienced a loss of up to 19 percent of their total weight piece non-obese animals lost 12 to 20 percent next short-term vigabatrin administration.



"Our results appear to demonstrate that vigabatrin induced satiety in these animals," said Amy DeMarco, wHO led the study, working in the laboratory of Brookhaven Lab senior scientist Stephen Dewey. Dewey number one identified vigabatrin as a potential addiction treatment and has conducted more than 20 years of presymptomatic research with this promising medication.



Earlier studies at Brookhaven Lab establish a substantial connection between obesity and addiction, including similar changes in the brains of the weighty and those addicted to drugs like cocaine. Based on these connections, Dewey hypothesized that vigabatrin would quench food cravings in the laboratory rats.



"Given the growing corpulency epidemic, we felt that examining vigabatrin's therapeutic efficaciousness for fleshiness was particularly relevant," Dewey said. A total of 50 teenage and adult animals, both genetically bred "fat" and normal-weight animals, were assigned to either a control group or groups that received vigabatrin at several dose levels and were monitored for up to 40 days. The controls received day-to-day salt urine (saline) injections, while those in the study groups received up to three hundred milligrams (mg) of vigabatrin a day. All animals received injections for deuce 7-13-day periods, with breaks in between.



At the goal of the 40-day catamenia, all animals receiving vigabatrin weighed significantly less than the controls. The rotund animals receiving the 300mg dose weighed far less and consumed less nutrient than the 150 and 75mg groups. The rotund animals receiving vigabatrin lost an median of 19 percent of their initial weight, piece non-obese animals lost 'tween 12 and 20 per centum of their weight.



"The fact that these results occurred in genetically obese animals offers hope that this drug could potentially process severe obesity," said Dewey. "This would appear to be true even if the obesity results from binge feeding, as this disorder is characterized by eating patterns that ar similar to drug-taking patterns in those with cocain dependency."





Dewey and Jonathan Brodie, a prof of psychopathology at New York University School of Medicine, get conducted all-inclusive studies on animals at Brookhaven Lab showing that vigabatrin attenuates or blocks neurological and behavioral changes associated with drug addiction. Vigabatrin has been tested in humans in two small open-label studies, as well as in a 103-patient double-blinded, placebo-controlled test. Vigabatrin is now beingness commercialized by Catalyst Pharmaceutical Partners, which is presently conducting iI FDA-approved Phase II trials. For more on Brookhaven National Laboratory's addiction discussion research, see http://www.bnl.gov/CTN/GVG. For more information about Catalyst Pharmaceutical Partners, see http://www.catalystpharma.com/.



This research was funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse at the National Institutes of Health and by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research within DOE's Office of Science. Brookhaven Lab has a world-renowned research program aimed at understanding the neurologic mechanisms and consequences of drug habituation and other addictive behaviors. This program is fueled, in contribution, by DOE's long-standing support of brain-imaging technologies developed as a direct process of their commitment to basic physical science and atomic chemistry research.



All research involving laboratory animals at Brookhaven National Laboratory is conducted under the jurisdiction of the Lab's Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee in complaisance with the Public Health Service (PHS) Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Animal Welfare Act, and the National Academy of Sciences' Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. This research has enhanced understanding of a wide array of human medical conditions including cancer, dose addiction, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and normal senescence and has led to the development of several promising intervention strategies.



RELATED INFORMATION



Links to the studies described below appear on the web version of this news release at: http://www.bnl.gov/bnlweb/pubaf/pr/PR_display.asp?prID=811)



Stephen Dewey and colleagues birth conducted more than than 20 years of research on vigabatrin as a potential addiction treatment.



Pre-clinical (animal) studies have:
demonstrated that vigabatrin blocks dopamine increases triggered by environmental cues related to drug use



demonstrated that vigabatrin blocks the process in the brain that causes cocaine's "high"



demonstrated that vigabatrin does the same for nicotine



shown that vigabatrin may block the habit-forming effects of toluene, a commonly used inhalant


Clinical milestones include:
the first small clinical tribulation of vigabatrin showed prolonged abstinence and elimination of drug craving in long-run cocaine addicts



the second gear small clinical trial of vigabatrin showed prolonged abstinence and no visual problems in cocain and glass abusers



vigabatrin's first Phase II, double blind placebo-controlled trial shows positive results in treating cocain abuse an FDA-sanctioned, Phase II multicenter study of vigabatrin starts


The neurobiology of eating disorders and obesity and their discourse is some other major focus of research at Brookhaven Lab. Earlier studies at the Lab have:
identified wit circuits that may reason the weighty to pig out



shown that levels of dopamine receptors, which incur chemical messages of well being and reward in the brain, are decreased in the brains of obese individuals



demonstrated that parts of the mentality responsible for sensation in the tongue, mouth, and lips ar more active in the obese



revealed that the mere sight and smell of front-runner foods spikes levels of dopamine in the brains of food-deprived people - just as it spikes this pleasure chemical in the brains of those with dose addictions in response to their dose of selection


One of ten national laboratories overseen and primarily funded by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Brookhaven National Laboratory conducts research in the physical, biomedical, and environmental sciences, as well as in free energy technologies and national security. Brookhaven Lab also builds and operates major scientific facilities available to university, industry and government researchers. Brookhaven is operated and managed for DOE's Office of Science by Brookhaven Science Associates, a limited liability company founded by the Research Foundation of State University of New York on behalf of Stony Brook University, the largest academic substance abuser of Laboratory facilities, and Battelle, a nonprofit, applied science and technology organization.



Source: Karen McNulty Walsh

DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory



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Mp3 music: Tapper Zukie

Artist: Tapper Zukie: mp3 download    Genre(s):  Reggae     Tapper Zukie's discography:      Man Ah Warrior    Year: 2003    Tracks: 18      Peace in the Ghetto    Year: 2002    Tracks: 9      Tapper Roots    Year: 2001    Tracks: 10      MPLA    Year: 1976    Tracks: 10      The Man From Bozrah    Year: 1975    Tracks: 10 One of Jamaica's close gifted artists, Tapper Zukie has had an equalise impact on both sides of the recording pack of cards, as both a hitmaking toaster and as a manufacturer wHO has worked with the cream of Jamaica's vocalists. In addition, his early ties to the thug community in both London and New York was implemental in the crossover of roots reggae into the mainstream. Born David Sinclair, Tapper (likewise spelled Tappa) was a diminutive of a moniker his grandmother gave him, patch Zukie was derived from the family he ran with as a baby, the Zukies. In his teens, he began on the job for the level-headed systems, get-go with I-Oses Discotech, so for the Maccabees. It was through the latter that he came to the attention of producer Bunny Lee; regrettably, his off-hours delinquency ensured that he was likewise approach to the attention of the police military unit. Finally, Zukie's mother sagely decided it was time for the youth to for good get out the Kingston streets behind, and in 1973 jam-packed him sour to relatives in England. Lee, likewise, wanted him out of trouble, simply preferred to take him put in the studio. Not content to see the teen's natural endowment atrophied, the producer pulled some string section, and the day subsequently arriving in London Zukie was onstage, opening for U-Roy. His one-song toast so impressed producer and Ethnic Records' label caput Larry Lawrence that Zukie was straight off swept into the studio to record his debut single, "Skip & Twist." Reversive to Kingston at the end of the twelvemonth, the loretta Young DJ at present began recording singles for a host of producers, about notably 1975's "Spruce Dread on the Mountain Top," a horrendous version of "Jah Vengeance" for producer Yabby You. Zukie likewise entered the studio with Bunny Lee and recorded a clutch of songs, including the seminal "Spiffy Dread Don't Cry." Although the DJ refused to sign an sole treat with Lee, the producer merrily sent him on his direction with a batch of backup tracks to work with. Producers JoJo Hookim and Ossie Hibbert added more to the heap, and it was from all these donated tapes that Zukie reinforced his debut record album, MPLA. Defiantly independent, the DJ recorded and financed the recording of the record himself, and place up his own mark, Stars. But lack of money forced Zukie to put the record album on iCE and initially release some of the tracks as singles. It was at this pointedness that he began producing other artists, ab initio working with the likes of Errol Dunkley and former Itals vocalist Ronnie Davis. Zukie headed endorse to London in mid-1975 in search of a statistical distribution treat for Stars. There he ascertained that a recording session he'd done during his previous appease, with manufacturer Clem Bushay, had since been released as the Man a Warrior album, and was merchandising like hotcakes through the Klik label. Immediately inking a licensing deal with Klik, Zukie's profile soared even higher upon the release of a individual off MPLA. The entire record album followed, and Zukie at present launch himself with the best-selling reggae record in the U.K. that Christmas. Soon after, the DJ sign a handle with Virgin Records. A visiting Patti Smith was equally impressed, and when the DJ coupled her onstage during the group's London show in October 1976, the pairing brought the house downward. It's no surprise and then that Zukie in agreement to open for the band's next enlistment. Smith was so taken by the thomas Young DJ that she likewise released Man a Warrior on her own Mer label. Zukie at present touched into a time period of amazing productivity, cathartic the Man From Bosrah, Earth Running, Escape From Hell, In Dub, Peace in the Ghetto, and Black-market Man albums between 1977 and 1979. Although his profile was initially higher in Britain than Jamaica, that changed in 1977 afterwards Zukie scored with iI massive hit singles, "Oh Lord" and "She Wants a Phensic." As the new decennium dawned, Zukie was an international presence to be reckoned with, jet-setting betwixt London and Kingston, gigging invariably, recording, and producing. He sabbatum behind the controls for acclaimed puzzle out by Horace Andy, mixed the highly lauded Green Valley for Militant Barry, and released his have Raggy Joey Boy and People Are You Ready? albums. Between 1983 and 1986, Zukie concentrated on product puzzle out, recording with only well-nigh every creative person charles Frederick Worth his strategic Arms Limitation Talks on the island -- the Mighty Diamonds, Max Romeo, Ken Boothe, Sugar Minott, and U-Roy are scarce a few amongst this vast legion. An as sympathetic producer of both toasters and vocalists, Zukie plant himself highly sought afterwards by veteran artists as well as approaching cy Young stars to-be. Just even at the altitude of superstardom, Zukie's self-deprecation remained legendary, as the title of his series of toasting compilations proved. Jokingly highborn Old Time DJ Come Back, the albums featured a host of toasters old and new, and the series clay a originative compendium of the musical style. It wasn't until 1986 that Zukie released a new album of his own material, Ragamuffin, and some other tenner passed in front its review Mysterious Roots appeared. However, he did proceed recording, with his music gracing the B-sides of singles he'd produced for other artists. And production is where Zukie has unbroken his list aflare, as he's continued to work with the island's greatest name calling, releasing the subsequent singles through his possess Tappa label. Sly Dunbar, JC Lodge, Beres Hammond, and Simpleton are scarce a few of the multitudes world Health Organization get been on the other english of his recording deck of cards in more late days.

Drug Companies 'Quietly' Increasing Prices Of Some Medications By 100% Or More, USA Today Reports

�
Drug makers increased the average wholesale price of 26 brand drugs by 100% or more in a single cost adjustment last year, compared with comparable damage increases for 15 drugs in 2004, according to University of Minnesota researchers, USA Today reports. In the first half of 2008, the average wholesale prices of 17 drugs have increased by at least 100%. According to USA Today, many of the prices that ar "quietly" organism raised are for older products exploited to treat rare merely often serious conditions.

Alan Goldbloom, chief Executive of Children's Hospitals and Clinics in Minnesota, said, "This does drive up the price of health care," adding, "Hospitals ar either feeding the toll or overtaking it along to insurers, so you and I are paid it in increased premiums."

According to apothecary's shop benefits handler Express Scripts, the mean wholesale prices of 1,344 brand name drugs increased by an average of 7.4% last class. Stephen Schondelmeyer, director the PRIME Institute at the University of Minnesota, aforementioned, "There is no simple explanation" for why certain drugs experient the larger increase. "Some companies seem to figure no i is observance so they can generate away with it," Schondelmeyer said. "Drug companies say the price hikes cover the costs of keeping the drugs on the market," USA Today reports.

Sens. Amy Klobuchar (D-Minn.) and Charles Schumer (D-N.Y.) last calendar week asked the Government Accountability Office to investigate cases of big price increases. Klobuchar earlier this yr also asked the Federal Trade Commission to look into a fellowship that had increased the average wholesale prices of four drugs by up to 3,436% in 2006 (Appleby, USA Today, 8/8).


Reprinted with kind license from hypertext transfer protocol://www.kaisernetwork.org. You can sentiment the intact Kaiser Daily Health Policy Report, search the archives, or sign up for email delivery at hypertext transfer protocol://www.kaisernetwork.

Jewel & Ty's Honeymoon Party

While many celebs head off to isolated island resorts for their honeymoon, platinum-selling isaac Merrit Singer Jewel and her rodeo chomp hubby Ty Murray decided to share their wedded cloud nine, hosting an evening of music and dancing at Aura Nightclub in The Bahamas only one day after eloping in the Caribbean paradise.�

According to partygoers, the newlyweds celebrated in style as they slopped in the scene from a supreme spot in the club�s VIP room. The couple couldn�t withstand smiling as they stuck by each other�s sides throughout the entire evening, stopping by the DJ booth together and pickings time to say how-do-you-do to fans.�

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Nine Inch Nails put The Slip on CD

Nine Inch Nails' new album The Slip - which was made available as a free download from the band's website in May - will be released on CD in July.

In the United States, Canada and parts of Japan, the two-disc set, distributed by RED, is limited to 200,000 individually numbered copies in digipak form.

It will include a bonus DVD of Nine Inch Nails performing material from The Slip during rehearsals, as well as a 24-page booklet and stickers.

The same package will be available in Europe, Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom but will not be limited or numbered.

The Slip will also be available on vinyl from August 5 in the United States and Canada and a day before internationally; this incarnation will not be limited.

Frontman Trent Reznor promises that the album will remain free to download "indefinitely" from the band's site www.theslip.nin.com.

Nine Inch Nails begins a summer tour July 25 at British Columbia's Pemberton Festival.





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Nic Bommarito

   
Artist: Nic Bommarito

   Genre(s): 
Rock: Electronic
   Instrumental
   

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Discography:


   
 Taciturn

   Year: 2007   
Tracks: 8


   
 Cadenzas for English Speakers

   Year: 2007   
Tracks: 9

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